How to Estimate Concrete for Any Project

Estimating concrete comes down to two numbers: how much you need, and what it will cost. Get the volume right and everything else follows. Get it wrong and you either run short mid-pour or pay for a truck you didn't need.

Here is the method the pros use, and the same math our calculators run for you.

The five-step estimate

  1. Measure the space in feet. For a flat pour like a slab, patio, or driveway, you need length, width, and thickness. Thickness is almost always in inches, so a 4 inch slab is 4 divided by 12, or 0.333 feet.
  2. Find the volume in cubic feet. Multiply length by width by thickness in feet. A 20 by 20 patio at 4 inches is 20 x 20 x 0.333, which is 133.3 cubic feet.
  3. Convert to cubic yards. Concrete is ordered by the cubic yard, and one cubic yard is 27 cubic feet. So 133.3 divided by 27 is 4.94 cubic yards.
  4. Add waste. Spillage, uneven subgrade, and slab edges eat into every pour. Add 5 to 10 percent. That 4.94 becomes about 5.2 to 5.4 yards, so you order 5.5.
  5. Turn it into a cost. Multiply your yards by the delivered price per cubic yard, then add labor, delivery, and any short-load fee if you are under the truck minimum.

If you would rather skip the arithmetic, the concrete cost estimator does all five steps and gives you yards, bags, and a dollar figure at once.

Ordering ready-mix vs mixing bags

Under about a cubic yard, hand-mixing bags usually wins. Over a yard, a ready-mix truck is faster and cheaper per yard. A quick rule for bags: an 80 lb bag yields about 0.6 cubic feet, so it takes roughly 45 of them to make one cubic yard. The concrete cost estimator shows both the truck price and the bag count side by side so you can see where the line is for your job.

Estimate vs quote

An estimate is your own working number, useful for ordering material and sanity-checking a bid. A quote is a contractor's firm price for the finished job, which includes forming, reinforcement, finishing, and cleanup. Use the estimate to know roughly what a project should run, then compare it against the quotes you get. If a quote is miles off your estimate, ask what is driving the difference.

Where to go next

Not sure how many yards you need first? Start with how much concrete do I need, then come back to price it.

Explore the concrete estimate guides

Work through the guides below, from a full cost breakdown to a printable estimate template.

Sources

Frequently asked questions

How do you estimate concrete for a job?

Measure length, width, and thickness in feet, multiply them for cubic feet, divide by 27 for cubic yards, then add 5 to 10 percent for waste. Multiply the result by the delivered price per yard to get a material cost.

How much extra concrete should I order for waste?

Add 5 percent on flat, well-formed slabs and up to 10 percent on rough subgrade or small pours where a partial bag or a short load hurts more. It is cheaper to have a little left over than to stop a pour halfway.

How many 80 lb bags make a cubic yard?

About 45. Each 80 lb bag yields roughly 0.6 cubic feet, and a cubic yard is 27 cubic feet.

Is it cheaper to mix my own concrete or order a truck?

For small jobs under about a cubic yard, bags are usually cheaper and there is no delivery fee or truck minimum. Once you pass a yard or so, ready-mix costs less per yard and saves hours of mixing.